Linux: ISDN4LINUX - Dial-In

Contents

•  Nokia 9110/9210 (GSM)
•  Terminal access
•  Summary
  
•  PPP access (will save perhaps some charging costs, if using a Linux server as PPP gateway to the Internet, perhaps via flatrate)
•  X.75
•  Terminal access
•  PPP access
•  Common hints
•  List of related links

• 0.06/2004-08-28: add a contributed URL about Nokia 9210 settings
  
• 0.05/2003-08-24: fix some bugs, add hints for Nokia 9210
  
• 0.04: Review, add some more hints
• 0.03: Unknown - forgot to update changelog
• 0.02: Hints for using with AVM B1 ISA
• 0.01: Initial release

Nokia 9110 (GSM)

Global settings

on Nokia 9110

• Internet
• Settings
• Modem: fixed 9600 Bits/s
• V.42bis Compression: Off

Terminal access

A working terminal access is the first step to a PPP connection.
The main reason (in a standard setup), why it's not working is the ignore of the incoming call, like following example shows:

Elsa Quickstep 1000 / Microlink (ISA/PCI)  ISDN card

• /var/log/kernel

Sep 24 10:27:09 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile*,7,197 -> *msn1ofserver*
Sep 24 10:27:09 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile* -> 0 *msn1ofserver* ignored
Sep 24 10:27:09 gate kernel: isdn_tty: call from *mobile* -> *msn1ofserver* ignored

The last one is the reason why no terminal access via ttyIx works :-(
There are several hints on the Usenet and Internet, but they didn't work in unmodified manner.

AVM B1 ISA ISDN card

• /var/log/kernel

Feb 18 15:26:04 gate kernel: capidrv-1: incoming call *mobile*,7,0,*msn1ofserver*
Feb 18 15:26:04 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile* -> 0 *msn1ofserver* ignored
Feb 18 15:26:04 gate kernel: isdn_tty: call from *mobile* -> *msn1ofserver* ignored
Feb 18 15:26:04 gate kernel: capidrv-1: incoming call *mobile*,7,0,*msn1ofserver* ignored

Linux server side

• mgetty configuration for a dial in from a Nokia 9110
• /etc/mgetty+sendfax/mgetty.config

Elsa Quickstep 1000 / Microlink (ISA/PCI)  ISDN card

# Login over ISDN & V.110 (GSM)
port ttyI1
  init-chat "" \d\d\d+++\d\d\dATZ OK AT&EMSN1OFSERVER&R9600S19=197 OK
  modem-type data

AVM B1 ISA ISDN card

# Login over ISDN & V.110 (GSM)
port ttyI1
  init-chat "" \d\d\d+++\d\d\dATZ OK AT&EMSN1OFSERVER&R9600S19=0 OK
  modem-type data
• /etc/inittab
• Setup asynchron ISDN terminal device
• m1:35:respawn:/sbin/mgetty ttyI1
• Activate change
• killall -HUP init

Linux client side for testing

Elsa Quickstep 1000 / Microlink (ISA/PCI)  ISDN card (Server side)

• Use following /etc/minirc.v110s19eq197
# Machine-generated file - use "minicom -s" to change parameters
pr port             /dev/ttyI0
pu minit            ~^M~AT&EOUTGOINGMSN&R9600S19=197^M
pu rtscts           No

AVM B1 ISA ISDN card (Server side)

• Use following /etc/minirc.v110s19eq0
# Machine-generated file - use "minicom -s" to change parameters.
pr port             /dev/ttyI0
pu minit            ~^M~AT&EOUTGOINGMSN&R9600S19=0^M
pu rtscts           No

Nokia Communicator client side

• Terminal / Connection
• Modem initialization: AT+CBST=71
• This hint is from Nokia's sdialin.pdf, which is available at http://forum.nokia.com/main/support/guides/9110internet.html
• The hint from the Usenet (AT+CBST=71,0,1) won't work!
• End-of-line-char: CR/LF
• Rest like default

A successful log looks like this:

Elsa Quickstep 1000 / Microlink (ISA/PCI)  ISDN card

• /var/log/kernel

Sep 24 11:29:15 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile*,7,197 -> *msn1ofserver*
Sep 24 11:29:15 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile* -> 0 *msn1ofserver* ignored
Sep 24 11:29:15 gate kernel: isdn_tty: call from *mobile*, -> RING on ttyI1

Note: first log line containing Additional Service Indicator is only shown in verbose mode, enable it with: isdnctrl verbose 2

AVM B1 ISA ISDN card

• /var/log/kernel

Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: capidrv-1: incoming call *mobile*,7,0,*msn1ofserver*
Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: isdn_net: call from *mobile* -> 0 *msn1ofserver* ignored
Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: isdn_tty: call from *mobile*, -> RING on ttyI2
Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: capidrv-1: incoming call *mobile*,7,0,*msn1ofserver* tty alerting
Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: kcapi: appl 1 ncci 0x10101 up
Feb 18 15:37:34 gate kernel: capidrv-1: chan 0 up with ncci 0x10101

Summary

Additional AT command extensions / notes:

Nokia Communicator 9210

• adding +DS3 on V.110/19200 will switch Additional Service Indicator to 192
• Note, I found also other informations on the internet regarding the speed parameters (http://www.swisscom-mobile.ch/Objekte/vipsystemeuploadHSCSD_Konfiguration_nokia_9210-de.pdf in German), here following suggestions are made:
• Configuration for Internet: High Speed/V.110/38400, AT&F+CBST=81,0,1;+CHSN=6,0,0,0
• Configuration for E-Mail: High Speed/V.110/38400, AT&F+CBST=80,0,1;+CHSN=4,2,0,0
• Note here: I'm not sure whether "+CBST=80,0,1;" is valid because Additional Service Indicator is switched to 199 then, perhaps "+CBST=81,0,1;" is the proper one
• See also: http://www.vodafone.pt/main/Servicos+Roaming/Servicos/WapDados/High+Speed.htm (credits to Gianluigi Salerno <gsalerno at telnetwork dot it> for reporting)
  

ISDN cards

• additional S23.0=1: get Calling Part Number (CPN) on RING (e.g. useful for logging of mgetty)

PPP

Linux server side

• /etc/mgetty+sendfax/login.config
• Enable AutoPPP
/AutoPPP/ -     a_ppp   /usr/sbin/pppd file /etc/ppp/options.analogdialin
• /etc/ppp/options.analogdialin
• Put options in, i.e.
-detach
auth
+chap
-pap
#debug
#show-password
name gate-dialin
#kdebug 5
ms-dns 192.168.1.1
ms-wins 192.168.1.1
192.168.1.1:
• Don't forget to set passwords (depending PAP or CHAP), don't forget corresponding server name
• /etc/ppp/pap-secrets or /etc/ppp/chap-secrets
# client        server          secret          IP addresses
peter          gate-dialin     "*secret*"      192.168.3.2

Nokia Communicator client side

• Terminal / Connection
• Modem initialization: AT+CBST=71
• Rest like default

X.75

Terminal access

Linux server side

• mgetty configuration
• /etc/mgetty+sendfax/mgetty.config
• For a dial in via X.75

# Login over ISDN & X.75
port ttyI2
  init-chat "" \d\d\d+++\d\d\dATZ OK ATS14=0&EMSN2OFSERVER&B512 OK
  modem-type data
• /etc/inittab
• Setup asynchron ISDN terminal device
• m0:35:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -a ttyI2
• Activate change
• killall -HUP init

X.75 client side (e.g. Hyperterminal and RVS software modem emulation)

• Only select the X.75 modem, that's all

Linux X.75 client side (e.g. minicom)

• Initialize the outgoing device also for X.75 like
[root@gate /root]# cat /etc/minirc.x75
# Machine-generated file - use "minicom -s" to change parameters.
pr port             /dev/ttyI0
pu minit            ~^M~ATS14=0&EOUTGOINGMSN&B512^M
pu mautobaud        Yes
pu backspace        DEL
pu statusline       disabled
pu rtscts           No
pu macenab          No
• Start with minicom x75

PPP

Linux server side

• Same like as GSM

X.75 client side (i.e. Hyperterminal and RVS software modem emulation)

• Only select the X.75 modem, that's all

Common hints

• Security issue: a mgetty below version 1.1.25 is buggy. Use the mgetty-1.1.25 or newer (RedHat: update available now).
• You cannot (mostly) run both services (X.75 and GSM dialin) on one MSN, each service needs its own.
• Logging
• mgetty logs normally to /var/log/mgetty.log.$device, except the buggy RedHat 6.2 mgetty-1.1.22-1.6.x
• Calling is logged with syslog facility kernel

Debugging (Linux side)

Log files

• /var/log/kernel
• ISDN4LINUX incoming/outgoing calls
• Extend logging with: isdnctrl verbose 2
  
• pppd (kernel level)
• /var/log/mgetty.log.ttyIx
• Modem emulation chat
• /var/log/daemon
• pppd (user level)

Programs

• mgetty
• -x level
• pppd
• debug
• kdebug level
• minicom
• AT&V: shows current values of all ISDN modem registers

ISDN

HiSax chip based cards

• Switch on extended logging: hixaxctrl HiSax 1 0x3fb
• Take a look at the current log with: cat /dev/isdnctrl | grep -v ISTA

List of related links and manual pages of interest

• ISDN4LINUX FAQ
• ttyI (modem emulation)
• GSM dialin
• GSM over V.110 Mini-HOWTO
• Nokia
• http://forum.nokia.com/main/support/guides/9110internet.html
• http://tuxmobil.org/phones_linux_nokia_modem.html
  
• http://www.nokia.com/cda1/0,1080,1910,00.html (see: 9210_at_commands.zip)
  
• Linux kernel
• Documentation/isdn/README
• Manual pages
• ttyI, pppd, mgetty, minicom, hisaxctrl

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